How should investigators handle victims with cognitive disabilities?

• A. Assume capacity and proceed with standard interview; no guardians.
• B. Determine capacity, involve guardians as needed, adapt communication, involve specialists; provide supports.
• C. Involve guardians only for access to records; otherwise do not adapt.
• D. Do not disclose to guardians to preserve independence.

Answer: (B)

When investigators work with victims who have cognitive disabilities, the priority is to assess capacity and support participation while protecting safety and rights. Start by determining whether the person can understand and engage in the interview and decisions being made. If capacity varies, involve guardians or designated supports as needed to uphold the person’s best interests and to help with consent and access to records. Adapt the communication approach to the individual’s needs—use plain language, speak slowly, check for understanding, allow extra time, and provide visual or alternative communication aids. Involve specialists such as disability advocates, forensic interviewers trained in cognitive disabilities, or other professionals to ensure the interview is appropriate, reliable, and respectful. Provide supports like a comfortable, accessible interview setting, breaks as needed, and any necessary accommodations to facilitate participation. This approach avoids assuming capacity, excludes guardians, or neglects accommodations, and promotes a fair, safe, and effective investigation.